Preparation and characterization of polydopamine modified collagen membrane for articular cartilage repair / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective:To investigate the adhesion of polydopamine-modified collagen membrane composites to cartilage tissues and the effect on chondrocyte proliferation, and further explore the possibility of their application in autologous chondrocyte transplantation.Methods:Porous collagen membranes were prepared, and the polydopamine-modified collagen membrane composites were constructed by the adsorption method. The physical and chemical properties and structural characteristics of the membranes, such as thermal stability, thermal properties, porous structure, and surface element composition, were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively. The adhesion between the polydopamine-modified collagen membrane and fresh cartilage tissue was tested by a mechanical testing machine. The effects of the membranes on the adhesion and proliferation of rabbit chondrocytes were investigated by in vitro cell culture.Results:The structure and surface element composition of the membranes altered with the increase in the adsorption time of polydopamine, and the capacity of polydopamine increased with the increase in the adsorption time. The thermal stability and thermal properties of collagen membrane materials were not significantly affected by the adsorption of polydopamine. The adhesion of the membrane to cartilage tissue increased with the increase in the amount of absorbed polydopamine. The membranes showed a time-dependent promoting effect on the proliferation of the chondrocytes.Conclusions:The polydopamine-modified collagen membrane has potential application in articular cartilage repair, but more research is required to optimize the membrane before it is used in articular cartilage repair.

Study on transport of small molecule rhodamine B within different layers of cartilage / 生物医学工程学杂志

The small molecule nutrients and cell growth factors required for the normal metabolism of chondrocyte mainly transport into the cartilage through free diffusion. However, the specific mass transfer law in the cartilage remains to be studied. In this study, using small molecule rhodamine B as tracer, the mass transfer models of cartilage were built under different pathways including surface pathway, lateral pathway and composite pathway. Sections of cartilage at different mass transfer times were observed by using laser confocal microscopy and the transport law of small molecules within different layers of cartilage was studied. The results showed that rhodamine B diffused into the whole cartilage layer through surface pathway within 2 h. The fluorescence intensity in the whole cartilage layer increased with the increase of mass transfer time. Compared to mass transfer of 2 h, the mean fluorescence intensity in the superficial, middle, and deep layers of cartilage increased by 1.83, 1.95, and 3.64 times, respectively, after 24 h of mass transfer. Under lateral path condition, rhodamine B was transported along the cartilage width, and the molecular transport distance increased with increasing mass transfer time. It is noted that rhodamine B could be transported to 2 mm away from cartilage side after 24 h of mass transfer. The effect of mass transfer under the composite path was better than those under the surface path and the lateral path, and especially the mass transfer in the deep layer of cartilage was improved. This study may provide a reference for the treatment and repair of cartilage injury.

Two cases of intractable mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia complicated with intracranial venous sinus thrombosis / 中国综合临床

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) complicated with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is rare.We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of two patients with refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (RMPP) complicated with CVST who were hospitalized in Xi′an children′s Hospital from December 2018 to April 2019, inquired the relevant literature, analyzed the clinical diagnosis and treatment characteristics, and discussed the diagnosis and treatment measures of RMPP complicated with CVST.Two cases were 6-year-old girls with fever and cough as the main symptoms.After physical examination, the respiratory sounds of the affected lung decreased, and the sounds of phlegm and dampness could be heard in both lungs.Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) antibody and RNA were positive.Chest CT showed lobar pneumonia with a large number of pleural effusion.The effect of macrolide antibiotics anti infection treatment was not good.Headache symptoms occurred during the course of the disease, and serum D-dimer increased significantly.Brain MRI showed CVST, including 1 case with lower extremity pain, and B-ultrasound showed right lower extremity arterial embolism.After anti infection, thrombectomy, anticoagulation and symptomatic treatment, 2 cases were discharged.When children with MPP, especially those with RMPP, have extracranial thrombosis and/or neurological symptoms, accompanied by elevated serum D-dimer, the possibility of CVST should be considered, and brain MRI examination should be performed in time to confirm and actively treat, which can reduce or avoid the occurrence of sequelae.Thrombosis may be related to excessive inflammatory reaction and vascular endothelial injury caused by MP infection.

Current Progress on Biological Evaluation for Medical Devices / 中国医疗器械杂志

To broadly understand the new direction of biological evaluation for medical devices, we introduced both domestic and international progress of biological evaluation and focused on illustrating the key points on full life-cycle biological evaluation, toxicological risk evaluation, evaluation endpoints and package material evaluation concern as well as how to use the update vision of ISO 10993-1:2018 scientifically and reasonably in order to provide us better services on performing biological evaluation for medical devices.

Study on the comparison of diagnostic of K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and ATA in CAD and diagnosis of thyroid nodules by computer-assisted ultrasonography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective@#To explore the diagnostic efficiency of K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and ATA risk stratification in computer-aided detection and diagnosis(CAD) software and the application value of CAD-assisted ultrasound physicians in diagnosing thyroid nodules.@*Methods@#One hundred and ninety-two thyroid nodules with postoperative pathological results were retrospectively analyzed. All of them were graded by K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS and ATA with CAD software, and the best guide was recognized by calculating the area under the ROC curve, sensitivity and specificity. Then, based on the best guidelines for the classification criteria, the double-blind method was used to compare the ability of the same ultrasonologist to diagnose thyroid nodules before and after CAD.@*Results@#The AUC value of K-TIRADS, ACR-TIRADS, ATA was 0.88, 0.77, 0.62 respectively in the CAD software. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the specificity between K-TIRADS and ATA(P=0.176), which were both higher than ACR-TIRADS with statistically significant differences (P<0.05). The AUC value of the diagnosis among CAD itself, ultrasound physicians and physicians combined CAD was 0.88, 0.80, 0.93, respectively. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the sensitivity between CAD itself and physicians combined CAD(P=0.163), which were both higher than ultrasound physicians with statistical significant differences(P<0.05). Among ultrasound physicians, CAD itself and physicians combined CAD, the difference in specificity between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05).@*Conclusions@#All the three risk stratification systems of thyroid ultrasound in CAD software have good diagnostic values, among which K-TIRADS has the largest AUC. The CAD software can assist ultrasound physicians to improve the thyroid nodule diagnostic performance, and has a good clinical application prospect.

Study on the comparison of diagnostic of K‐TIRADS ,ACR‐TIRADS and ATA in CAD and diagnosis of thyroid nodules by computer‐assisted ultrasonography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the diagnostic efficiency of K‐T IRADS ,ACR‐T IRADS and AT A risk stratification in computer‐aided detection and diagnosis ( CAD ) software and the application value of CAD‐assisted ultrasound physicians in diagnosing thyroid nodules . Methods One hundred and ninety‐two thyroid nodules with postoperative pathological results were retrospectively analyzed . All of them were graded by K‐T IRADS ,ACR‐T IRADS and A T A with CAD software ,and the best guide was recognized by calculating the area under the ROC curve ,sensitivity and specificity . T hen ,based on the best guidelines for the classification criteria , the double‐blind method was used to compare the ability of the same ultrasonologist to diagnose thyroid nodules before and after CAD . Results T he AUC value of K‐T IRADS , ACR‐T IRADS ,A T A was 0 .88 ,0 .77 ,0 .62 respectively in the CAD software . T he difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05 ) . T here was no significant difference in the specificity between K‐T IRADS and A T A ( P ＝0 .176 ) ,w hich were both higher than ACR‐T IRADS with statistically significant differences ( P ＜ 0 .05 ) . T he AUC value of the diagnosis among CAD itself , ultrasound physicians and physicians combined CAD was 0 .88 ,0 .80 ,0 .93 ,respectively . T he difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05) . T here was no significant difference in the sensitivity between CAD itself and physicians combined CAD ( P ＝0 .163 ) ,w hich were both higher than ultrasound physicians with statistical significant differences( P ＜0 .05) . Among ultrasound physicians ,CAD itself and physicians combined CAD ,the difference in specificity between the two groups was statistically significant ( P ＜0 .05) . Conclusions All the three risk stratification systems of thyroid ultrasound in CAD software have good diagnostic values ,among w hich K‐T IRADS has the largest AUC . T he CAD software can assist ultrasound physicians to improve the thyroid nodule diagnostic performance , and has a good clinical application prospect .

Application of the Threshold of Toxicological Concern (TTC) to Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices / 中国医疗器械杂志

The threshold of toxicological concern (TTC), a risk estimation method based on compound structurally-related toxicity data, has been widely used by many countries and regions for the safety risk assessment of food packaging materials and additives etc. Toxicological risk estimation is of importance in the biological evaluation of medical devices. Application of the TTC approach to leachable from medical devices may reduce or replace some unnecessary biocompatibility tests, but consideration should be taken for contact duration and route differences, which could affect the applicability of TTC. We herein focused on analyzing the eligibility of TTC for its further application in biological evaluation of medical devices.

Diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound combined with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of contrast enhanced ultrasound ( CEUS ) combined with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration ( US-FNA) in differentiating malignant and benign thyroid nodules . Methods A retrospective review of preoperative CEUS and US-FNA data of 161 thyroid nodules confirmed by surgical pathology from 145 patients was performed . The CEUS enhancement patterns of whole phase hypo-enhancement ,uneven hypo-enhancement and early phase hypo-enhancement were taken as the diagnostic criteria for malignant thyroid nodules . According to the Bethesda System ,the grade≥ Ⅳ was taken as the cytologic criteria for diagnosis of malignant thyroid masses . The 161 thyroid nodules were divided into large nodules group( the longest diameter of thyroid nodules were higher than 1 .0 cm) and small nodules group ( the longest diameter of nodules were higher than 0 .5 cm but lower than 1 .0 cm) . The diagnostic value of CEUS ,US-FNA and the combination were evaluated respectively in the the two groups . Results In large nodules group ,the sensitivities of CEUS ,US-FNA and the combination were 88 .0% ,81 .3% ,94 .7% ,respectively ;their specificities were 88 .5% ,100% ,88 .5% ,respectively . There was no statistically difference in sensitivity between CEUS and US-FNA ( P ＝ 0 .301) ,the sensitivity of the combination was higher than US-FNA ( P ＝0 .004) . In small nodules group ,the sensitivities of CEUS ,US-FNA and the combination were 52 .4% ,78 .6% ,92 .9% ,respectively ;their specificities were 94 .4% ,100% , 94 .4% ,respectively . There was statistically difference in sensitivity between CEUS and US-FNA ( P ＜0 .05) ,the combination had the highest sensitivity ( P ＜ 0 .05).Conclusions For thyroid nodules whose longest diameter higher than 1 cm ,there is no statistically difference in sensitivity between CEUS and US-FNA .The combination had higher sensitivity than US-FNA .For thyroid nodules whose longest diameter higher than 0 .5 cm but lower than 1 .0 cm ,US-FNA provided higher sensitivity than CEUS ,the combination provided higher sensitivity than single CEUS or US-FNA .

Early changes of left ventricular function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the changes of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function before left ventricular morphologic changes in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients.Methods A total of 111 OSAS patients were divided into left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) group (n=29) and non-LVH group (n=82).Meanwhile,50 healthy subjects were enrolled as normal control group.Routine echocardiography and two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) were performed.The differences of conventional echocardiography and 2D-STI parameters were compared among the three groups.The correlations between echocardiography and clinical parameters were analyzed.Results Compared with those of the other 2 groups,left ventricular mass index (LVMI),diastolic thickness of interventricular septum (IVST),diastolic ventricular posterior wall thickness (PWT),left ventricular internal diastolic dimension (LVIDd),the ratio between early diastolic peak velocity of mitral valve and early diastolic velocity of mitral annular (E/e') and left atrial volume index (LAVI) increased (all P＜0.05),and mitral annular early diastolic velocity (e') at interventricular septum and lateral wall decreased in LVH group (all P＜0.05).The mitral annular systolic velocity (s') in LVH group was less than that in normal control group (P =0.013).Compared with those of the other 2 groups,left ventricular global longitudinal systolic strain (S) and early diastolic strain rate (SRE) decreased (all P＜0.05),and the ratio of early diastolic peak velocity of mitral valve to SRE (E/SRE) increased in LVH group (both P＜0.05).Compared with normal control group,systolic strain rate (SRS) decreased in LVH group (P=0.001).S,SRS,SRE in non-LVH group were less than those in normal control group (all P＜0.05),and E/SRE was higher than that in normal control group (P＜0.001).S,E/SRE were independently associated with apnea hypopnea index (both P＜0.05).LVMI was independently associated with mean arterial oxygen saturation (β =-0.299,t =-3.273,P =0.001).Conclusion OSAS can affect the structure and functions of left ventricular independently.The systolic and diastolic functions of left ventricular have been impaired before morphology changed.

Determination of 14 metal elements in collagen by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with microwave digestion / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To propose an analysis method for determining 14 kinds of metal elements in collagen, including Mn, Cu, Zn, Al, Ti, Pb, Ba, Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Fe, As and Hg. Method The conditions of collagen microwave digestion, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) working conditions and the modes used in the determination of various metal elements in ICP-MS were optimized. The content of 14 metal elements in 9 kinds of collagens with different specifications was determined by microwave digestion/ICP-MS, and the tagged recovery verification and method accuracy determination were conducted. Results The detection limit of the instrument was 0.1～5.0 μg/L. The detection limit of the proposed method was 0.00125～0.625 mg/kg. The relative standard deviation (n=11) was not more than 4.0％, and the recovery rate of the sample was 87.7％～107.4％. Under the same conditions, 14 metal elements in the pig liver standard were measured and the measured values were within the standard range. Conclusions The microwave digestion/ICP-MS method possesses the advantages of rapidness, simplicity, high sensitivity, good stability and high accuracy. It is worthy of reference and promotion.

Evaluation of the effect of 17β-estradiol on right ventricular function in a rat model of pulmonary arterial hypertension by echocardiography / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To evaluate right ventricular ( RV ) function in male rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) induced by Monocrotaline (MCT) and discuss the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on RV function in PAH rats . Methods Thirty-two male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups( n =8) :MCT group ,MCT+E2 group ,MCT+Veh group and control group . MCT group ,MCT +E2 group and MCT+Veh group were given monocrotaline through intraperitoneal injection . MCT + E2 group and MCT+Veh group were also treated with E2 and placebo at the same time respectively . Echocardiography was performed four weeks later after MCT injection . Right heart catheterization was performed after echocardiography . Echocardiography right ventricular function parameters included:tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) ,RV index of myocardial performance (RIMP) ,right ventricular fractional area change ( RVFAC) ,tissue Doppler-derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity ( s′) and right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain ( RVLSFW ) . Results Compared with control group ,TAPSE ,RVFAC and RVLSFW decreased ,and RIMP increased in MCT group ,( P <0 .001 , P <0 .001 , P <0 .001 , P =0 .001 , P <0 .001 ,respectively) . TAPSE ,RVFAC and RVLSFW in MCT+ E2 group were higher and RIMP was lower than those in MCT group ( P < 0 .001 , P = 0 .001 , P = 0 .001 , P = 0 .002 , P = 0 .002 , respectively) . The parameters regarding RV function were slightly lower in MCT + E2 group ,compared with control group . However , these differences had no obvious statistical significance ( P > 0 .05 ) . Moreover ,Pearson correlation analysis showed that the serum E2 level was positively correlated with TAPSE ,RVFAC ,s′and RVLSFW ( r =0 .845 , P <0 .001 ;r =0 .859 , P <0 .001 ;r =0 .802 , P =0 .006 , respectively) ,and negatively correlated with RIPM ( r = -0 .803 , P <0 .001) . Conclusions RV function in male PAH rats induced by MCT decreased significantly ,while E2 could improve RV function in PAH rats and has a protective effect on RV function . Echocardiography could contribute to the quantitative evaluation of RV function in PAH rats induced by MCT .

Early changes of left atrial structure and function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To investigate the early changes of left atrial structure and function using echocardiography in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome( OSAS) patients with and without left ventricular hypertrophy(LVH) . Methods Echocardiography was performed in 91 OSAS patients (64 without LVH , 27 with LVH) ,and the results were compared with those from age-matched and gender-matched controls ( n=40) . All subjects were examined with two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography ( 2D-STE) to obtain the apical four chamber and two chamber left atrium(LA) strain and strain rate curve image .Systolic strain and strain rate( Ss ,SRs) ,early diastolic strain and strain rate( Se ,SRe) ,late diastolic strain and strain rate(Sa ,SRa) were measured . Phasic LA volumes and empty fractions were calculated . The ratio of peak early diastolic mitral inflow and annulus velocity ( E/e′) was used to estimate left ventricular diastolic function . Results Compared with the control group ,LA volume ,LA stiffness index ,SRa and active empyting fraction ( AEF) increased ,Ss ,SRs ,Se ,SRe ,total empyting fraction ( TEF) and passive empyting fraction ( PEF) decreased in none LVH group ( P < 0 .05) . Importantly ,diastolic function was relatively normal in this subgroup without LVH( P > 0 .05) . Diastolic function decreased in LVH group ,and the changes of left atrial structure and function like above mentioned were more significant .The apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was found to be negatively correlated with Ss ,SRs ,Se ,SRe ,TEF and PEF . Conclusions OSAS is associated with LA remodeling and dysfunction that occurs before the development of LVH and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction ,and it will be further aggravated along with the development of LVH .

Effects of FGF2 administration for different time periods on chondrocytes / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To study the effects of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) on the proliferation and gene expression profiles of rabbit articular chondrocytes in vitro after different time periods of stimulation.Methods The chondrocytes were isolated and cultured in vitro,and the 3rd generation cells were harvested.Cells were divided into three groups.In the group 1 (FGF2 short-time action group),chondrocytes were cultured in medium with FGF2 for one day,and then transferred to fresh culture medium without FGF2 and cultured for another 6 days.In the group 2 (FGF2 long-time action group),chondrocytes were cultured in medium with FGF2 for 7 days.In the Group 3 (control group),chondrocytes were cultured in culture medium without FGF2 for 7 days.After culture for 1,3,and 7 days,the proliferation of chondrocytes in the all groups was detected respectively.Following extraction of mRNA,the gene expressions of BMP2,BMP4,SOX9 and COL2A1 of the chondrocytes in the all groups were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).The content of type Ⅱ collagen was measured via immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the control group,FGF2 promoted the proliferation of chondrocytes in the short-and long-time action groups and there was no significant difference between the two FGF2-treated groups.The results of qRT-PCR indicated that different treatment induced different gene expression profile.Particularly,compared with the control group and the FGF2 long-time action group,the expression of BMP2,BMP4,SOX9 and COL2A1 in the short-time action group were significantly upregulated at the 7th day.Immunofluorescence intensity of type Ⅱ collagen in the group 1 was stronger than that in the control group and group 2.Conclusions Different administration of FGF2 for different time periods induced different responses of chondrocytes.Short-term FGF2 stimulation was more beneficial to maintain the phenotype of chondrocytes and the synthesis of extracellular matrix.

Professor SHI Yanping's Experience of the Treatment of Adenomyosis / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective] To introduce the Professor SHI Yanping's experience in treating adenomyosis with traditional Chinese medicine. [Methods]Through clinical learning with the teacher and systematic reading literatures about adenomyosis, the author summarized the teacher 's academic thoughts and clinical treating experience of the disease from the etiology and pathogenesis,fundamental law of treatment ,and medication characteristics,and one proven case was presented respectively.[Result] Professor SHI thinks the basic pathogenesis of adenomyosis is deficiency of kidney and blood stasis, accompanied by phlegm dampness, the proof is vacuity, treatment should be staged in terms of different periods:non menses-paying attention to eliminating mass and strengthening the body resistance, creatingNei Yi Ting Fang;menses-paying attention to regulating qi and blood by warming drugs, makingXin Gui Zhi Tong Fang;and at the same time,we have to pay attention to the adjustment of life style.All those lead to a good clinical effect. [Conclusion] The rich experience of Professor SHI in treating this disease might be worthy of promotion and learning,which has a good effect on relieving the discomforts and improving the quality of life in patients.

Clinical and echocardiographic features of 122 cases of primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma in China mainland / 中华超声影像学杂志

Objective To explore the clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of primary malignant pericardial mesothelioma (PPM).Methods Cases of PPM with description of echocardiographic presentations from China mainland were searched from database during 1981 to 2015.Data about the clinical and echocardiographic features of the patients were collected.Results A total of 122 patients were included for analysis.It involved mainly middle-aged [(39.9 ± 14.7)years] and male patients (79,64.8％).The most common echocardiographic demonstration was pericardial effusion (74.6％) with were mostly bloody (97.7％),followed by pericardial masses (36.9％) and pericardial thickening (18.0％).The echocardiographic diagnostic accordance rate was about 26.2％.Conclusions The most common presentation of PPM on echocardiogram is massive pericardial effusion.Echocardiography is of great value in screening and assessment of PPM.The definitive diagnosis is made by histopathological examination.

The effect of enhanced external counterpulsation on the sleep of some coronary heart disease patients who suffer from insomnia / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effects of enhanced external counterpulsation on coronary heart diseas epatients who suffer from insomnia .Methods Ninety-two cases of coronary heart disease patients with insomnia were divided into observation group and control group randomly ,46 cases in each group .The cases in control group were given routine drug treatment and nursing for coronary heart disease and insomnia .On this base ,the cases in observation group were given EECP .Use the pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) to evaluate the sleep quality of two groups on day of admission and 30d after treatment .The dimensions score and total score of two groups in each time were compared and analyzed .Results After the intervention of 30 d ,PSQI scores in the observation group were lower than those before intervention ,and lower than that of control group ,and there was statistical signifi-cance(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The EECP can relieve the insomnia of coronary heart disease patients ,and improve there sleep quali-ty .

Study on skeletal muscle mass of 1 836 check-up adults and its association with age in Qiqihar / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the correlation between skeletal muscle mass and age among check-up adults.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The study objects were those who aged 18-87 years old and came to a city hospital of Qiqihar for health examination from December, 2013 to September, 2014, excepted those with coronary heart disease, infectious disease, endocrine system disease, hypertension, anemia, cancer, liver disease, kidney disease and those carrying with heart pacemaker. A total of 1 836 respondents were finally enrolled into analysis. Appendicular Skeletal Muscle (ASM) was measured by a Body Composition Analyzer, and relative skeletal muscle index (RSMI) was calculated. The relationship among ASM, RSMI and age was assessed by linear regression analysis. The difference of height, weight, BMI, waist-hip-ratio (WHR), total muscle mass and percentage of body fat between genders were tested by t-test. The difference of ASM and total skeletal muscle mass between genders and among age groups was tested by multi-factor variance analysis. The difference of the muscle decline between genders was compared by Chi-square test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total muscle mass in males was (52.22 ± 6.65) kg, which was significantly higher than that in females ((38.05 ± 4.39) kg) (t=28.20, P<0.001). ASM in 18-29, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-87 years was (24.64 ± 3.23), (24.00 ± 3.12), (24.35 ± 3.03), (23.33 ± 2.97), (22.54 ± 2.91) and (21.40 ± 3.36) kg (F=16.12, P<0.001) in males, respectively, and (16.48 ± 3.14), (16.72 ± 1.93), (16.75 ± 1.93), (16.84 ± 2.28), (16.52 ± 2.35) and(14.70 ± 2.37)kg (F=4.38, P=0.001) in females, respectively. ASM in males ((23.72 ± 3.16) kg) was higher than that in females ((16.65 ± 2.25) kg) (t=55.97, P<0.001). There was a negative correlation between age and ASM in males after 50 years old, the regression equation was y=28.31-0.09x (P<0.001). While a negative correlation between age and ASM in females occurred after 60 years old, the regression equation was y=27.69-0.18x (P<0.001). The prevalence of low ASM was 16.85% (124/736) in females, which was significantly higher than that in males (8.73%, 96/1 100) (χ(2)=27.57, P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A negative correlation was found between age and ASM in males after 50 years old and in females after 60 years old. The prevalence of low RSMI in females was significantly higher than that in males.</p>

Study of collagen sponge extracts on mouse splenic lymphocyte transformation in vitro / 中国医疗器械杂志

Immunogenicity for medical devices of animal origin is the key and difficult point during immune safety evaluation for these devices. This paper firstly investigated the effect of collagen sponge of animal origin on mouse splenic lymphocyte transformation and proliferation, and then analyzed the influence factors on the MTT method and CFSE method. The results showed that collagen sponge extract cannot significantly induce transformation and proliferation of mouse splenic lymphocyte in vitro.

Study on cytotoxicity tests of medical devices based on IC50 / 中国医疗器械杂志

To discuss IC50 application in cytotoxicity tests of medical devices, we firstly investigated the vibrating condition and endpoint of MTT method specified in ISO 10993-5: 2009. Furthermore, we demonstrated the application of IC50 in the result evaluation of MTT method. The experimental results show that usage of IC50 in quantitative evaluation of MTT method is feasible.

Clinical significance of screening autoantibodies in individuals of physical examination / 中华检验医学杂志

Objectives To explore the clinical significance of autoantibodiesin individuals who accept a routine physical examination.Methods From April to June 2012, the serum of 932 individualsincluding 649 males and 283 females, from department of routine physical examination center of Peking Union Medical College Hospitalwerecollected , it uesd IIF for ANA, line immunoassay ( LIA) for specific ANAs antibodies and ELISA for the other antibodies , includinganti-CCP antibodies , AMA-M2, ACL antibodies and anti-anti-β2GPⅠantibodies.Chi-square test was used for data measurement of positive rate of autoantibodies in men and women;Fisher′s exact test was used when the data not meet the conditions of Chi-square test.Individualswith high-risk of autoimmune disease according to the results ofautoantibodies ( Titersof autoantibodies≥2-fold cut-off and accompanied with other autoimmune diseases related laboratory abnormalities) were recalled to visit doctor.Results Of the 932 cases, the overall positive rate of ANA was 11.27%.The positive rate of ANA was19.79%inwomen, which was significantly higher than thatin men (7.09%)(χ2 =32.6, P<0.01); the overall positive rate of ANAswas 8.69%, and the positive rate of ANA was13.43%inwomen, whichwas significantly higher than that in men ( 6.63%) (χ2 =11.49, P <0.01);the overall positive rates of AMA-M2, anti-CCP antibodies , anti ACL antibodies and anti β2GPⅠantibodies were 3.22%, 0.54%, 2.90%and 0.21% respectively , which were 2.83%, 0.71%, 3.18%and 0.71 % in women , and 3.39%, 0.46%, 2.77% and 0.00% in men respectively , there was no statistically significant of positive rate between female and male 58 patients accounting for 6.22% in high-risk of autoimmune disease were recalled , of which 15 cases, accounting for 1.61% were diagnosed or highly suspected of autoimmune diseases (AID) of the 15 patients, 11 patients accounting for 1.18% were diagnosed AID, including 6 CTD, 3 pSS, 1 RA and 1 pSS/PBC;4 patients were highly suspected as AID , including 3 suspected CTD and 1 suspected pSS.The titers concentration of the positive antibodies in patients with confirmed or suspected AID ≥ 3 times cut-off.Conclusions The positive rate of autoantibodies in individuals of physical examination is high , but there is clinical significance when the titers concentration of positive autoantibodies ≥ 3 times of the cut-off.Positive-autoantibodies patients with high-risk of autoimmune disease need professional clinician to provide follow-up, consulting and health education for early discovery, timely diagnosis, and proper treatment of AID.